Digital Computers-Computer System Architecture|UGC NET Computer Science notes

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In this post,let us learn about the digital computers topic in computer system architecture in a simple way

Introduction:

Now ,we learn about the digital computers.

The word  digital means discrete values.Discrete values are represented in the binary form.Binary means 0 and 1.

 Definition:

• The digital computer is a digital system that performs various computational task.
• Digital computers use the  binary  system,which has 0 and 1.
• A binary digit is called bit.
• Information in digital computers is represented  in group of bits.

Why do we use the binary digits in digital computers?

In digital computers, it works on electric signals which have only two states.It is represented as 0 and 1.This is the reason behind why the digital computers use binary digits

A computer is sometimes subdivided into two entities.

• Hardware
• Software

Hardware:

• The hardware of the computer consists of all the electronic components and electromechanical devices that comprise the physical entity of the device.

The hardware of the computer is divided into three major parts:

1. The central processing unit(CPU) contains an arithmetic and logic unit for manipulating data, a number of registers for storing data,and control circuit for fetching and executing instructions.
2. The memory of a computer contains storage for instructions and data.It is called a random access memory(RAM, because the CPU  can access any location in memory at random and retrieve the binary information within  a fixed interval of time.
3. The input output processor(IOP) contains electronic circuits for communicating and controlling the transfer of information between the computer and the outside world.
4. The input and output devices connected to the computer include keyboards,printers,terminals, magnetic disk drives and other communication devices.

Software:

• Software consists of the instructions and data that the computer manipulates to perform various data processing tasks.
•  A sequence of institutions for the computer is called program.
• The data that are manipulated by the program constitute database .

Types of  software:

• System software
• Application software

System software:

System software  act as interface between hardware and application software.

System software manages hardware resources and provides platform for application program

Without system software, computer cannot function

Example:

Windows

Linux

iOS

Android

Application software

Application software helps user to perform specific task.It is user friendly and easy to use.

Example:

PDF reader

Google chrome

PowerPoint

Opera browser

Look at the above picture,you see the difference between system software and application software.

Explanation:

This image helps you to understand the hardware, system software and application software.

Conclusion:

I hope,this post will help you understand digital  computers and you learn  the basic concepts of hardware and software.If you like my post,please like,share and follow my blog for more updates.